34.NIGERIA

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209 Water Supply & Sanitation Sector Assessment 2000 Part II 34.NIGERIA 34.1 Background 34.1.1 General
Area (in thousands) : 927 km2 Population (in thousands) : 111,506 Urban : 49,050 Rural : 62,456 Main language : English Growth Rate: 2.4 %/yr 34.1.2 Water Resources
Rainfall : 1,975 mm Total water use: Renewable water resources : 308 km3/yr Domestic : 31% Total water withdrawals : 3.63 km3/yr Industrial : 15% = 44 m3/cap/yr Agricultural : 54% 34.1.3 Health and Hygiene Education
Life expectancy : 50.0 yrs Infant Mort Rate: 81 infant deaths/1000 live births School health/hygiene education policy : - Child Mort. Rate: 147 child deaths/1000 live births School curricula with health education : -% 34. Coverage 34.2.1 Current Coverage (in thousands) a Water Population Pop. With Pop. With Population Population % Pop. Supply House Public Served Unserved Served Connection Waterpoint Urban water 49,050 8,370 21,906 39,731 9,319 81 Rural water 62,456 7,842 12,547 24,358 38,098 39 Total water 111,506 16,212 34,507 64,089 47,417 57 Sanitation Population Pop. With Pop. With Population Population % Pop. Public Other Served Unserved Served Sewer System Urban sanitation 49,050 - 26,401 41,692 7,358 85 Rural sanitation 62,456 - 20,389 28,105 34,351 45 Total sanitation 111,506 - 46,790 69,797 41,709 63 34.2.2 Operational Aspects
Operations % of total Water systems providing intermittent supply - Water systems using disinfection - Rural water systems functioning 50 Treatment of wastewater from public sewers - Average availability of water in urban areas: -hrs/day 210 Water Supply & Sanitation Sector Assessment 2000 Part II 34.2.3 Water Quality National drinking water quality standards does not exist. In general, drinking water quality is effective in urban systems and not effective in rural systems. 34.2.4 Population Projections (in thousands) Population 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 Urban - 30,470 49,050 - - - Rural - 56,560 62,456 - - - Total 65,561 87,030 111,506 138,698 168,223 197,134 34.2.5 Coverage Trends (in thousands)
Year Total Population Population % Population Served Unserved Served Urban water 1980 - - - - 1990 30,470 23,767 6,703 78 2000 49,050 39,731 9,319 81 Rural water 1980 - - - - 1990 56,560 18,665 37,895 33 2000 62,456 24,358 38,098 39 Total water 1980 65,561 - - - 1990 87,030 42,432 44,598 49 2000 111,506 64,089 47,417 57 Urban sanitation 1980 - - - - 1990 30,470 23,462 7,008 77 2000 49,050 41,692 7,358 85 Rural sanitation 1980 - - - - 1990 56,560 28,846 27,714 51 2000 62,456 28,105 34,351 45 Total sanitation 1980 65,561 - - - 1990 87,030 52,308 34,722 60 2000 111,506 69,797 41,709 63 34.2.6 Coverage Targets (in thousands)
Target Area Target Pop. % Target Pop % (Yr 2010) Served (Yr 2015) Served Urban water - 100 - - Rural water - 85 - 100 Urban sanitation (sewerage) - - - - Urban sanitation (other) - - - - Rural sanitation - - - - 211 Water Supply & Sanitation Sector Assessment 2000 Part II Coverage Trends 34.3 Largest City: - Population (in thousands): - Urban : -( -%) Informal settlements : -( -%) Growth Rate : -% Water Production : - l/cap/day Metering of connections : -% Unaccounted for Water : -% Water Disinfection : - % Unacceptable Water Quality Tests : -% Treatment of Wastewater from Public Sewers : -% Water Population Sanitation Population Served Served (thousands) (thousands) House connections - Public sewers - Yard taps - Septic tanks - Public standpipes - Wet latrines - Boreholes with handpumps - VIP latrines - Other - Simple pit latrines - Total served - Others - Total unserved - Total served - Total unserved - 212 Water Supply & Sanitation Sector Assessment 2000 Part II 34.4 Costs and Investments 34.4.1 Costs and Tariffs (US$/m3) Average water production cost NMF Average water tariff NMF Average sewage tariff NMF 34.4.2 User Charges (US$/month)
Water Supply Average Charge Sanitation Average Charge House connections NMF Sewerage - Other public systems NMF On-site disposal - 34.4.3 Construction Costs (US$/capita)
Water Supply Cost Sanitation Cost Piped systems with houseconnections 255 Sewerage with house connections - Public standposts NMF Small bore sewers - Boreholes with handpumps NMF Septic tank - Protected dug wells 203 Wet latrines - Rainwater collection 464 VIP latrines - Simple pit latrines - 34.4.4 Sources of Investment (1000 US$)
Service Area National Funds External Funds Total Urban water 233,001 148,498 381,499 Rural water 26,545 27,742 54,287 Urban sanitation 4,085 2,000 6,085 Rural sanitation 60 36 96 Total 263,693 178,276 441,967 Government allocation to sector over 1990-1999: -% of national development expenditure 34.5 Policy, Planning and Institutions 34.5.1 Water Supply and Sanitation Policy The government of Nigeria has a national water supply policy whose aim is: • Provision of potable water to all inhabitants of Nigeria by the year 2020. • The present inadequate level of services should be increased to 120 litres per capita per day, and 60 litres per capita per day to urban, peri-urban and rural areas respectively by the year 2020. • Increase the capacity of local, state and the federal government to assist communities to obtain basic water supply facilities that the communities themselves can maintain with the possible support of the private sector. For the rural communities, the aim is to assist them obtain basic water supply facilities. Priority is given to those rural communities that have populations of 150 or more and that are prepared to pay at least 5% of the capital costs in cash or in kind. The communities must be prepared to meet all the operations and maintenance costs for the facilities. There is no defined policy at the national level for urban sanitation. The development and implementation of the programmes are based on the situations on ground. 34.5.2 National Water Supply and Sanitation Plan: Yes (Year 1995) 213 Water Supply & Sanitation Sector Assessment 2000 Part II 34.5.3 Key Sector Institutions: Urban Water
Federal Ministry of Water Resources
Rural Water
Federal Ministry of Water Resources
Urban Sanitation
Federal Ministry of Water Resources
Rural Sanitation
Federal Ministry of Water Resources 34.5.4 External Support Organizations UNICEF, World Bank, UNDP, ADB, JICA, EEC and USAID 34.6 Collaboration and Coordination The federal ministry of water resources and rural development arranges meetings between various parties as a way of collaborating. 34.7 Approaches The private sector is encouraged to invest in water and sanitation. Involvement of the private sector is mainly for services such as chemicals, construction of water supply systems (as contractors) etc. A comprehensive information, education and communication package has been developed to upgrade the skills with regard to promoting behavioural changes to improve personal hygiene and the use and management of water supply and sanitation facilities. Community participation is institutionalized in all water and sanitation programmes so as to empower communities to initiate, sustain and replicate the programme. Box 1 Actions on the AFRICA 2000 Initiative • A national committee has been established which serves as an advisory group charged with the responsibility of reviewing policies, programmes and implementation strategies on water and sanitation. • There exists a legal framework to protect all stakeholders in WSS programmes. • Technical support in areas of community water supply and sanitation so as to develop their capacity and strengthen the LGA through sourcing funding from both local and external donors to prosecute feasible programmes. 34.8 Major Constraints to Sector Development • Funding limitations • Inadequate cost-recovery framework • Inadequate operation and maintenance • Logistics • Import restrictions 214 Water Supply & Sanitation Sector Assessment 2000 Part II 34.9 Contact Person/Agency For Further Information 34.9.1 State Responses ABIA 1. Agency :Ministry of Health 2. Agency : The State Water Boards Person : Dr. E. U. Enyinnaye and Person : Mrs. Agwawunma Dr. G. O. C. Okafor 3. Agency : RUWASAN Person : Engr. P. M. Brown ADAMAWA 1. Agency : SMOH 2. Agency : The Water Board Person : Dr. L. C. Barka, Mr. Dahiru Ahamadu Person : Engr. Hassan Suleman and Mr. I. A. Y. Balla and Arin Lutu Telephone No : 075-624-003 Telephone No : 075-624-552 3. Agency : RUWASAN Person : Mr. Kwoyi AKWA IBOM 1. Agency : SMOH 2. Agency : Water Corporation Person : Dr. Emmanuel Nse Akpan Person : Engr. R. M. Etim Telephone No : 085-201-776 ANAMBRA 1. Agency : SMOH 2. Agency : Water Board Person : Dr. R. O. Nriagul and Mr. C. K. Mogbo Person : Engrs E. N. Onyekwelu and Mike Dike Telephone No : 048-550-819 / 259-493 3. Agency : RUWASAN Person : Mr. I. O. Enukoho BAUCHI 1. Agency : SMOH 2. Agency : Water and Environment Person : Alhaji Yahaya, Muazu Abubakar, Sanitation Alhaji Aminu Abubakar, Dr. M. A. Dachi Person : Alhaji Zaraki Saidu Dam Sani and Dairu S. Yama Telephone No : 077-541-058/ Telephone No : 077-543-508/541-695 077-542-721 3. Agency : State Environmental Protection Agency 4. Agency : Water Board Person : Hajia Dije Balla Ibrahim Person : Engr. Yusuph Mallami Telephone No : 077-542-721 Telephone No : 077-542-802 BALYESA 1. Agency : SMOH 2. Agency : Water Board Person : Dr. B. E. G. Kpokiri Person : Mr. T. A. Diriyai Telephone No : 084-490-345 BENUE 1. Agency : SMOH 2. Agency : Water Board Person : Dr. S. O. Obambe Person : Engr. M. M. Joseph Dopgo Telephone No : 044-533-545/533-528 Telephone No : 044-533-608 3. Agency : RUWASAN Person : Mohammed Yakubu 215 Water Supply & Sanitation Sector Assessment 2000 Part II BORNO 1. Agency : SMOH 2. Agency : State Environmental Protection Person : Alhaji Usman Balama, Mallam Person : Mallam Abba Aji Agid Mutsapha Agency (SEPA)Monguno, Mallam I. M. Ballami, Mr. E. Yaldima and Baba Gana Muhammed 3. Agency : Water Board Person : Engr. Emet Kosis Mohammed CROSS RIVER 1. Agency : SMOH 2. Agency : Water Board Person : Charles B. Edem Person : Engr. Alex Ekanem Telephone No : 087-225-042 Telephone No : 087-234-243 DELTA 1. Agency : SMOH 2. Agency : Urban Water Supply Person : Dr. E. I. Omeni Person : Engr. J. Omotu EBONYI 1. Agency : SMOH 2. Agency : RUWASAN Person : Dr. Ajan Akpoke and M. N. Onu Person : Engr. Chuckwu Telephone No : 043-21495 EDO 1. Agency : SMOH 2. Agency : Urban Water Development Person : Dr. P. N. Equakum Person : Engr. Akinlayo Omoz-Oarhe Telephone No : 052-257-473 Telephone No : 052-50050 EKITI 1. Agency : SMOH 2. Agency : WES Person : Dr. I. O. A. Adeleye and Person : Mr. M. B. Daramola Mr. S. S. Araromi Telephone No : 030-610-032 3. Agency : Water Corporation Person : Engr. Olusanmi Olajiga Telephone No : 030-250-614/250-750 ENUGU 1. Agency : SMOH 2. Agency : Water Board Person : Dr. L. M. Onoh and Mr. Okuwhani Person : Mr. Eze Emma Telephone No : 042-254-196 3. Agency : RUWASAN Person : Messrs. H. O. Ezeh, Clement Chigo and Ajar GOMBE 1. Agency : SMOH 2. Agency : SEPA Person : Dr. Saidu Garba, Mr. I. J. Bennet an Person : Mr. Y. A. Atajiri, Mrs. T. A. Tukka Mallam Suleman Adamu and Saad M. Yguda 3. Agency : Water Board Person : Engr. Jalo Mohammed El-Nafaty Telephone No : 072-220-235 IMO 1. Agency : SMOH Person : Dr. N. P. Agochukwu, Dr. (Mrs) Onyenekwu and Mr. B. C. Nwakaibu Telephone No : 083-230-203 216 Water Supply & Sanitation Sector Assessment 2000 Part II KADUNA 1. Agency : SMOH Person : Alhaji Salihu A. Hunkuyi KATSINA 1. Agency : SMOH 2. Agency : Water Board Person : Mrs. Nana Babajo, Person : Engrs. Aliyu Audi and Bello Mallam Haruna Bujawa and Telephone No : 065-30940/30932 Sanitarian Usman Balla Fax No : 32575 Telephone No : 065-32658 KANO 1. Agency : SMOH Person : Dr. M. A. Kura and Alhaji Usman Mohammed ONDO 1. Agency : SMOH 2. Agency : Water Corporation Person : Mr. T. A. Akinkugbe Person : Engr. F. M. Oluwajana Telephone No : 034-240-224/240186 Telephone No : 034-230-058 OYO 1. Agency : SMOH 2. Agency : WATSAN Person : Dr. (Mrs) S. S. Williams Person : Mrs. O. A. O Bamiro Telephone No : 02-8100960 3. Agency : Water Corporation Person : Engr. I. O. Olaniyi Telephone No : 02-8105164, 8104976 Fax No : 02-2412773 E-mail : Wcoys@skannet.com.ng PlATEAU 1. Agency : SMOH 2. Agency : SEPA Person : Dr. J. Wongllem and Mr. Person : Engr. Emma Dassat Mark Dachi Telephone No : 073-463-700 Telephone No : 074-462-921/463-380 3. Agency : Water Board Person : Dr. E. Kebang Telephone No : 073-462-538 RIVERS 1. Agency : SMOH 2. Agency : Water Board Person : Dr (mrs) M. A. Krukrubo Person : Engr. S. M. Nwofor Telephone No : 084-232-079 SOKOTO 1. Agency : SMOH 2. Agency : Ministry of Water Resources Person : Dr. A. M. Maishanu, Dr. Malami B. and Rural Development Mohammed and Alhaji Yusuf Idris Person : Alhaji M.T. Ibrahim Telephone No : 060-235-452 3. Agency : Water Board Person : Engr. A. Dongodaji and Alhaji Sadiq A. Issa TARABA 1. Agency : SMOH 2. Agency : SEPA Person : Dr. Saleh Aji and Mr. C. Danjuma Person : Mr. D. Jatau 3. Agency : Water Board Person : Mr. Ibrahim Kaa 217 Water Supply & Sanitation Sector Assessment 2000 Part II YOBE 1. Agency : SMOH 2. Agency : Water Person : Elisabeth Barde and Ruth Ishiaku Dikko Person : Engr. Zaji Bunu and Muhammed Telephone No : 076-522-174 M. Bukar Telephone No : 076-522-500 ZAMFARA 1. Agency : SMOH 2. Water Resources and Rural Dev. Person : Dr. Umar M. Maru, Yayah Bawa and Person : Engr. Sani Furfuri and Alhaji Ango Alhaji Ibrahim Bello Bakara Telephone No : 063-203-772 3. Agency : Water Board Person : Engr Ahmed G. Yendi Note: (-) = No data provided; NMF = No Meaningful Figure a Source: All data except population with house connection, public water point, public sewers & other system = 1999 WHO Headquarter; Pop with house connection, public water point, public sewers & other system = Questionnaire JMP (1999).